The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category 'Other. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category 'Necessary'. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category 'Functional'. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category 'Analytics'. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Morrison and Andres Coca-Stefaniak individual chapters the contributors.Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. © 2021 selection and editorial matter, Alastair M. Jakarta is catapulting towards the fastest growing cities both by overall growth (87% - 2016-2017) and direct travel and tourism GDP growth (6.2% pa- 2017-2027). In brief, the first three cities are ranked in the Global Top 20 Destination Cities 2018 with the number of arrivals 22.78 million for Bangkok, 14.67 million for Singapore and 13.79 million for Kuala Lumpur (Mastercard Global Destination Cities Index (GDCI) 2019). The further interest in these locations lies in their existing status as major destination cities amidst the continued rise of tourism across Asia (Mastercard Global Destination Cities Index (GDCI) 2019, Pearce and Wu 2017).

Each city studied is a key airline hub for the region and they are all national capitals. The selectic m of these cities follows good practice in comparative case study research where the value of choosing leading exemplars is identified for benchmarking (Assaf and Dwyer 2013, Flyvbjerg 2006, Lennon, Smith, Cockerell and Trew 2006). This chapter provides an overview of tourism in four ASEAN capital cities: Bangkok, Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and Jakarta.

Global destinations cities index (gdci)